Pediatric acute disseminated encephalomyelitis associated with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibodies

Introduction. Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody associated disorders (MOGAD) are immunemediated inflammatory conditions of the central nervous system (CNS) with a wide clinical phenotypic variability. In order to further understand possible phenotype MOGAD here we report pediatric case acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) MOG antibodies. Case outline. A previously healthy four-month-old infant presented due 1-day history fever up 39?C and vomiting. On admission, she was encephalopathic. Repetitive frequent stereotyped dystonic movements were observed. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) examination showed pleocytosis (lymphocytes predominant) proteinorachy. CSF culture virology results negative. Serum antibodies positive. prolonged electroencephalography continuous high-amplitude slow rhythmic activity captured movement. Epileptic discharges not seen. Although magnetic resonance imaging signs demyelinating encephalomyelitis, our patient did have seizures, despite neuroimaging findings cortical lesions. Acute treatment corticosteroids led excellent response full recovery. Conclusion. This emphasizes inclusion testing in initial work-up children presenting encephalopathy or encephalitic abnormalities on brain and/or spinal even when is unusual. The prompt diagnosis relevant for accurate disease monitoring strategies.